Reactions to a disaster may be more intense and last longer than people expect. Avoid waiting until you find they are not coping—encourage them to talk with someone as soon as they can.

Remember—family and friends are good judges of when help is needed. It is important to encourage them to talk with a professional if you notice:

• your partner, friend or children reacting in any of the ways below
• there are any extreme emotional reactions or actions by a person, or if stress reactions continue over a longer time
• there are any other ongoing changes in emotion or behaviour in others which worry you.
• you find yourself having experiences and reactions to the situation as a family member or friend. It may be useful for you to look at Looking after yourself.

When to get help for yourself

It is important to talk with a professional if you are experiencing any of the following:

• You cannot handle the intense feelings or bodily sensations; if you feel your emotions are not retuning to normal over a period of time; and/or you feel chronic tension or confusion.
• You continue to feel numb and empty and don't seem to be able to laugh when you used to laugh or cry when you want to cry; if you have to keep active in order to avoid thinking and feeling.
• You continue to have nightmares and disturbed sleep.
• You have no group or person with whom to share your emotions.
• Your relationships and work seem to be suffering or are changing as a result of the event.
• You are having accidents at work or at home.
• You have increased your use of alcohol and/or other drugs.
• You may also find yourself having experiences and reactions to the situation as a family member or friend. It may be useful for you to look at Looking after yourself.

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